Session 7· 05· 8 min

Decision Framework

What you'll learn
  • Use a 5-question flowchart to choose an agent architecture
  • Map common constraints to recommended patterns
  • Avoid over-engineering by starting with the simplest viable pattern

You now know all the patterns and their trade-offs. This lesson puts it all together into a practical decision framework. When starting a new project, work through these five questions in order. Stop as soon as you get a definitive answer.

Start simple
The first question is the most important. Most projects — including many that feel complex — can be solved with a single well-designed agent. Only escalate when you have evidence that a single agent is not enough.

The 5-question flowchart

Q1. Can a single agent with well-chosen tools solve this?
If YES
Stop here. Use a single agent. This is the best default.
If NO — too many tools, context overflow, or team constraints
Continue to Q2.
Q2. Do you need distributed development (different teams own different agents)?
If YES
Use Subagents or Skills — both allow independent deployment.
If NO
Continue to Q3.
Q3. Is the workflow conversational or sequential (triage then specialist then follow-up)?
If YES
Use Handoffs — agents pass control in a conversational chain.
If NO
Continue to Q4.
Q4. Do you need parallel execution of independent tasks?
If YES
Use Subagents (supervisor dispatches) or Router (classify and fan out).
If NO
Continue to Q5.
Q5. Do you need minimal latency on repeat queries in the same domain?
If YES
Use Handoffs or Skills — both maintain context efficiently across turns.
If NO — none of the above
Re-evaluate. You may actually need a single agent, or a custom hybrid.

Constraint-to-pattern summary

Here is the same information as a quick-reference matrix. Check which constraints apply to your project and see which patterns satisfy them:

 Single agentSubagentsHandoffsSkillsRouter
Few tools (< 10)
Many tools (15+)
Distributed dev teams
Conversational flow
Parallel execution
Minimal latency
Simple to debug
Low cost
When in doubt, prototype two patterns
If you are torn between two patterns, build a minimal prototype of each. Measure call count, latency, and accuracy on 10 representative inputs. The numbers will make the decision obvious. This is faster than debating in a meeting.

Check your understanding

Knowledge Check
You are building a task manager where users give complex multi-step instructions. A single agent with 8 tools handles it well today, but the team wants to 'future-proof' with multi-agent. What should you do?
Knowledge Check
A company has a billing team and a support team who want to develop their agents independently. The system handles conversational support flows. Which pattern fits best?
Up next
The framework is yours. The next lesson maps 6 real-world applications to these patterns so you can see how the theory translates to practice.